Substation control buildings (OPU)
Substation control buildings (hereinafter – OPU) of high factory readiness are used as part of block-type packaged transformer substations (hereinafter – PTS B).
The OPU is a modular building (a prefabricated structure made of transportable block containers) that is mounted on a prepared site or foundation. The block containers (hereinafter – modules) are joined to each other by bolted connections, forming a modular building whose overall dimensions are not limited by the size of the modules.
The module structure is a welded metal frame externally clad with sandwich panels.
The OPU is designed to house:
- cabinets and panels with relay equipment for protection, automation, signalling and control, as well as substation auxiliary boards;
- cabinets with high-frequency (HF) communication equipment;
- cabinets with telemechanics and emergency automation equipment;
- equipment for organising and controlling the operating current: rectifier-charging
- devices (charger units), DC board, racks with storage batteries
The OPU equipment includes the following cabinets:
- relay protection;
- automation and control;
- electromagnetic interlocks;
- auxiliary power supply;
- charging and float-charging units;
- communication equipment;
- central signalling;
- telemechanics;
- fire alarm and others.
The OPU building provides lighting, ventilation, heating or a climate-control system required for the uninterrupted operation of the equipment.
The OPU equipment may include:
- differential protection panels for power transformers;
- panels for automatic on-load regulation of power transformers;
- section circuit-breaker control panels;
- protection panels for high-voltage lines;
- voltage protection panels;
- breaker failure protection panel (BFP);
- automatic reclosing device panel (AR);
- busbar differential protection panel;
- directional high-frequency protection panel;
- input and distribution of substation auxiliary supply;
- operating-current control cabinet;
- uninterruptible operating-current supply set;
- AC auxiliary-supply panels of the PSN-1100 type;
- DC auxiliary-supply panels of the PSN-1200 type;
- central signalling system;
- HF communication panels;
- telemechanics panel;
- terminal cabinets.
For connecting external control cables, the OPU is provided with intermediate terminal cabinets installed in each row of the relay protection and automation switchgear assemblies.
OPU lighting is provided by fluorescent lamp luminaires. Heating is provided by electric heaters located along the walls and in the floor of the modules. Heating control is manual or automatic.
The OPU is equipped with natural supply ventilation through special louvred windows and forced exhaust ventilation by means of a fan. Air conditioners can be installed in the OPU.
Normal operation of the OPU is ensured under the following conditions:
- installation altitude above sea level not more than 1000m;
- ambient air temperature from -65°C to +50°C;
- seismic activity not more than 9 points on the Richter scale.
Main technical characteristics of the OPU
| Classification feature | Design |
|---|---|
| Building fire resistance rating per SNiP 21-01-97 | II |
| Protection rating per DSTU EN 60529:2018 | IP44 |
Interior finishing levels of the OPU premises
| Type of finish | Interior premises finish |
|---|---|
| Industrial | Floor – checkered steel 4mm, ceiling and walls – painted SS10 profile |
| Standard | Floor – linoleum, ceiling – fibreboard (white), walls – textured or painted fibreboard |
| Euro standard | Floor – wear-resistant linoleum, ceiling – white plastic panels, walls – MDF panels |
The entrance doors are fireproof, metal, insulated and airtight. The doors have handles, high-security rim locks and are equipped with sealing devices.
The OPU is mounted on a prepared, levelled special site, foundation, piles or sleepers. The site surface must be horizontal.
The geometric dimensions of the foundation must comply with the foundation plan:
- tolerance for deviation of longitudinal and transverse dimensions, not more than ±25 mm;
- tolerance for the difference of diagonals, not more than ±50 mm;
- tolerance for the difference of heights at the node points, not more than ±5 mm.
Climatic design U1 or UHL1 per GOST 15150.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
An OPU (substation control building) is a specialised block-modular building designed to house relay protection, automation, control and communication equipment as well as electricity metering systems. It provides comfortable conditions for the duty personnel and protects sensitive electronic equipment from the external environment.
The basis is a rigid metal frame clad with insulated sandwich panels (usually non-combustible mineral wool). This design provides high fire resistance (rating II or III), excellent thermal insulation and durability (service life of at least 25 years).
Yes, the building has a modular design. We can manufacture an OPU of any area and configuration by joining individual transportable blocks. This makes it possible to create premises with separate rooms: equipment hall, personnel room, battery room, restroom, etc.
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